When wheels won’t do: Humanoid robots for human-centric spaces
Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and wheeled mobile robots currently dominate factories and warehouses, following magnetic stripes or optical markers permanently embedded in warehouse flooring to navigate routes. As requirements evolve, however, wheels are simply not enough. Demand is growing for machines capable of navigating more challenging, human-centric environments, such as hospitals, restaurants, homes, and even rugged outdoor terrain. In such environments, perfectly flat floors, free from steps and stairs, along with conspicuous, clutter-free aisles, are luxuries. Instead, robots must move over thresholds, skirt around unpredictable obstacles and adapt on the fly to a world that’s neither uniform nor pre-mapped. Humanoid robots are the natural solution, literally following in our footsteps, and there are three foundational areas shaping legged and humanoid robots for such complex settings. These comprise motion control, perception/navigation, and modularity/flexibility. Togethe...